![]() Regimes of the World treats democracy as a binary, by classifying a country as either a democracy or not. You can find data on the more specific characteristics and derived measures in our Democracy Data Explorer. Liberal democracy: electoral democracy and citizens enjoy individual and minority rights, are equal before the law, and the actions of the executive are constrained by the legislative and the courts.Electoral democracy: citizens have the right to choose the chief executive and the legislature in meaningful, free and fair, and multi-party elections.Electoral autocracy: citizens have the right to choose the chief executive and the legislature through multi-party elections but they lack some freedoms, such as the freedoms of association or expression that make the elections meaningful, free, and fair.Closed autocracy: citizens do not have the right to choose either the chief executive of the government or the legislature through multi-party elections.Regimes of the World distinguishes four types of political systems: closed autocracies, electoral autocracies, electoral democracies, and liberal democracies. V-Dem is funded through grants and donations by government agencies and private foundations, such as the Swedish Research Council, the European Commission, and the Marcus and Marianne Wallenberg Foundation. It spans seven more regional centers around the world and is run by five principal investigators, dozens of project and regional managers, and more than 100 country coordinators. The project is managed by the V-Dem Institute, based at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden. In some of our work on democracy, we rely on the Regimes of the World (RoW) data by political scientists Anna Lührmann, Marcus Tannenberg, and Staffan Lindberg 1, published by the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project. How do researchers address these challenges and measure democracy? What is the Regimes of the World data? They may disagree about a specific characteristic or how something as complex as a political system can be reduced into a single measure. The judgment of experts is to some degree subjective. These characteristics - such as whether an election was free and fair - are difficult to define and assess. People do not always agree on what characteristics define a democracy. ![]() Measuring the state of democracy across the world helps us understand the extent to which people have political rights and freedoms.īut measuring democracy comes with many challenges.
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